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Read the passage carefully. Then choose the correct answer.
 
How much money will satisfy our desire for wealth? Where would we spend the money and how would we spend it? There are many ways to spend money and I am sure that at a certain point, we would feel that it would never be enough. The big question is can we spend money and at the same time save? The answer is yes we can but we need to take into account several factors.

First, we must plan our expenses. Parents draw up a family budget every month so that they will have some extra money saved for a rainy day. Planning means setting aside a fixed sum from the income to pay for utility bills, the house rent or loan, the car loan, food, children's allowances, school fees, medication or hospital bills, clothes, and entertainment. The balance is saving. Saving is important and children should be taught to save a part of their allowance from a young age. They should be taught to spend money on healthy food and drinks, stationery and not on video games and other unnecessary items. Different people have different plans for their money but everything depends on income and expenses.

Next, it is important to keep track of our money even if we do not earn much. Recording and updating expenses will keep us from spending unnecessarily. Students, for example, can keep a journal of their daily expenses on food, drinks and books while a housewife can similarly keep one to track her grocery shopping expenses. Both parties will then be able to keep tabs on their monthly expenses and at the end of the month, doing an analysis will reveal if there was unnecessary spending or the budget was successfully followed.

It is also important that we should spend according to our means. This is crucial if we do not want to end up with a lot of debt or turn into a shopaholic. It is good to spend moderately and buy only when items are needed. We should compare prices and opt for items when the best bargains are offered, perhaps during a sale. It is always prudent practice to be alert to price discounts and best offers before purchasing anything.

Further, there is nothing better than to save a penny a day that will help one on a rainy day. It is important to have savings because we may suddenly require money to pay a hospital bill or for some medication or respond to children's needs. We need to have spare cash for emergency situations and this will stop us from asking for money from relatives, friends or neighbours. In addition, we should also
start early and save for our retirement.

It is important that we educate ourselves and our children on how to handle money wisely. Parents are the best role models for their children to learn about moderate spending, budgeting and saving. They should be taught the value of money and should know how hard it is to earn a living. They should know what is important and what is not and how to differentiate from affordable, extravagant, luxurious and cheap.

In conclusion, our attitude towards money is important. We must be able to appreciate the value of money and adopt prudent spending habits if we are to enjoy spending money, and at the same time be smart enough to save.

     
    What do the following words or phrases refer to in the passage ?
  1. it ( paragraph I )
  2. They ( paragraph II )
  3. This ( paragraph IV )
  4. They ( paragraph VI )
     
    Using contextual clues, find a word with the same meaning as the following words from the passage.
  1. spend ( paragraph I )
  2. income ( paragraph II )
     
    Answer the questions below based on the passage.
  1. What is the topic sentence of paragraph II ?
  2. What is the main idea of paragraph III ?
  3. What does the writer mean by the words 'rainy day'  ?
  4. Why do we need to keep track of our money ?
  5. What does the writer mean by saying, 'we should spend according to our means', ( paragraph IV ) ?
  6. How can we educate children to handle money wisely ?
     
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    Answers
     
1.   money
2.   children
3.   spend according to the money that we have
4.   children
     
1.   use
2   earning
     
1.   First, we must plan our expenses.
2   It is important to keep a record of our expenses, even though we do not earn much.
3.   The words refer to a difficult situation or an emergency when we need to pay urgently for something.
4.   To avoid excessive spending or unnecessary expenses and to keep within the planned budget.
5.   The writer is suggesting that we should not spend beyond our means.
6.   We can teach them the value of money and how hard it is to earn a living and also teach them to set priorities on what is important and what is not.
     
 
 

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