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Garlic can reduce cholesterol and there are dozens of studies that confirm this. In an article published in 'The Journal of the Royal College of Physicians', garlic supplements are shown to have an important part to play in the treatment of high cholesterol. It reveals that a 12 percent reduction in total cholesterol will be evident only after four weeks of eating garlic supplements. The largest study conducted was in Germany where 261 patients from 30 general practices were given either garlic powder tablets or a placebo. After a 12-week period, mean serum cholesterol levels dropped by 12 percent in the garlic-treated group and triglycerides dropped by 17 percent, compared to the placebo group.

A test conducted at Homboldt University in Berlin shows that garlic can reduce existing levels of atherosclerosis and inhibit new growth of plaque. Atherosclerosis is a process in which deposits of fatty substances, cholesterol, cellular waste products, calcium and other substances build up in the inner lining of an artery. Other studies demonstrate that people who eat more garlic have stronger and more flexible aortas that are less likely to tear. This in turn helps lower blood pressure, prevent blood clots from forming, thereby reducing the possibility of strokes and thrombosis.

Garlic's use as an antiseptic has long been recognized, dating way back to the 16th century. Garlic was widely employed to treat wounds during wartime, and was pounded and applied as a poultice for sores and to reduce inflammation. Although these applications were not backed by scientific studies, they were probably not too far from the truth. Garlic as mentioned in several old English vocabularies of plants from the 10th-15th centuries, has been used by herbalists since the 16th century.

Currently, there is a rapidly growing amount of evidence on the beneficial role of garlic in cancer. Researchers in Pennsylvania have shown that injecting a garlic compound called diallyl disulphide (formed when raw garlic is cut or crushed) into tumors can reduce them by half. A further compound, S-allylcysteine, can also stop cancer causing agents from binding to human breast cells.

A study led by professor Michael Wargovich at the University of Texas in the US shows positive results for esophageal cancer. He concludes that although the precise mechanism may not be clear, results show that the administration of well tolerated garlic products may confer important protection from cancer. Several studies also show that garlic and related foods can play an important dietary role during cancer treatment. For instances, scientists have correlated garlic intake with reduced nitrite levels and fewer deaths from stomach cancer. the search for garlic compounds that prevent cancer is ongoing and has intensified with mounting evidence that many types of cancer are caused or triggered by factors relating to lifestyle or environment.

From paragraph 1 :
  1.

Give an example of the effect of taking garlic or garlic supplements.

   

From paragraph 2 :

  2.

(a) How does garlic affect a consumer's aorta ?

(b) What are the other advantages derived from this effect ?

    From paragraph 3 :
  3.

Describe how garlic is used to treat sores and inflammation.

    From paragraph 4 :
  4.

Give two examples of how garlic can be used to treat cancer.

    From paragraph 5 :
  5.

(a) What does the study led by Professor Michael Wargovich show ?

(b) What conclusion does he make about the study ?

(c) What is the correlation between garlic intake and nitrite levels ?

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Answers
 

1.

It can help reduce cholesterol.

 

2.

(a) It helps the consumer to have a more flexible aorta that is less likely to tear.

(b) A more flexible aorta helps lower blood pressure and prevent blood clots.

 

3.

It is pounded and applied as a poultice for sores and to reduce inflammation.

 

4.

(i) the injection of garlic compound into tumors can reduce them by half.

(ii) Another compound, S-allylcysteine, can stop cancer causing agents from binding to human breast cells.

 

5.

(a) It shows positive results for esophageal cancer from garlic consumption.

(b) He concludes that garlic intake can provide some form of protection against cancer.

(c) The more the garlic intake, the lower is the nitrite level.

 
 

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Comprehension 1

 

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