The Scientific Method is predominantly used in science, but it
is not limited to the field. Its peculiar elements include identifying a
universal problem, proposing a tentative solution, testing it analytically and
synthetically in the laboratory, and applying the solution to practical
situations. The theories, laws, principles, and hypotheses that emerge from this
process abound in the sciences.
However, the question is whether this method is applicable to
solving social problems. Although social problems often have a missing link that
science or scientific methods can easily provide, the human element present in
most of these problems poses a significant difficulty. The emotional aspect of
these issues, such as the apartheid in South Africa, the Negro problem in the
USA, untouchability in India, and the Jewish question, predominates. No amount
of scientific argumentation can find a solution in these cases.
Nonetheless, there are social problems that can be solved
through the scientific method. An example is the eradication of malaria, caused
by the Anopheles mosquito. An extensive study of the mosquito's life is
necessary, as well as preventive and prophylactic measures. Similarly, the
invention of the ballpoint pen demonstrates how the scientific method has solved
a common problem.
In conclusion, while the scientific method has paid high
dividends in the exact sciences, its applicability to social problems is
limited. The human element present in most social problems is a significant
obstacle, and scientific argumentation alone cannot solve them. However, there
are social problems that can be solved through the scientific method, and its
principles can be applied to practical situations. Thus, it is necessary to
recognize the limitations of the scientific method in addressing social issues
and to seek complementary approaches to solve them. |